Interplanetary File System

Interplanetary File System

IPFS stands for InterPlanetary File System, a peer-to-peer distributed file system designed to create a network transmission protocol for persistent and distributed storage and shared files.

At present, it is very cheap and convenient to transfer relatively small files using the HTTP protocol, but with the exponential growth of computing resources and storage space, we are faced with the problem of obtaining a large amount of data at any time, and IPFS is designed to solve this problem. of.

As a distributed file system, IPFS provides a platform that supports deployment and writing, and can support the distribution and version management of large files; in order to achieve the above goals, the IPFS protocol is divided into seven sub-protocols, which are responsible for the different functions.

About 40% of the Cosmos "Stargate" upgrade has been completed, and it is expected to be completed within one or two hours: The cross-chain project Cosmos (ATOM) stated that as of 17:40 on February 18th, Beijing time, its "Stargate Stargate" "The upgrade has completed 40% of the progress, and the required validator threshold is 66.67%. The upgrade is expected to be completed within one or two hours. [2021/2/18 17:27:37]

The main function of the identity system is to represent each node in the IPFS network, and all nodes are identified by a unique NodeId, representing each user who uses IPFS.

As a distributed storage system, the communication and information transmission between nodes need to be carried out through the network, and at the same time, it can use a variety of transport layer protocols to ensure reliability, connectivity, information integrity and authenticity. IPFS can use any network to communicate. It does not assume that it must run on the IP protocol, but uses the multiaddr format to represent the target address and the protocol used, so as to be compatible and expand other network protocols that may appear in the future.

Zhipin ZEEPIN will launch the interstellar game Crypto Galaxy on April 23: According to official news, Zhipin ZEEPIN (ZPT) will officially release its operation on the Zhipin blockchain at its Meetup held in Seoul, South Korea on April 23 The star game on the Internet - Crypto Galaxy. It is understood that Crypto Galaxy has a complete view of the universe. The generation of galaxies is related to the block nodes. Each galaxy is composed of tens of thousands of planets, and new planets will be generated as the block height changes. It is reported that Spunky Hwang, a popular Internet celebrity in the Korean currency circle, will conduct a live broadcast on YouTube. [2018/4/23]

In a distributed system, retrieving or accessing resources stored in other nodes requires a routing system. IPFS implements the routing system based on DSHT in S/Kademlia and Coral. We can use libp2p/go-libp2p-routing Find the interface of the IPFS routing system in /routing.go, which implements three basic functions, content-ethexc routing, node routing, and data storage.

China Telecom and the block chain company Interstellar Magic Box cooperate to increase the upstream bandwidth: Interstellar Magic Box and China Telecom Co., Ltd. have reached a strategic cooperation; through the cloud moving APP, the upstream bandwidth can be increased to 20M (qualified users, not eligible 10M); 100M For users below, increase the downlink bandwidth to 100M; for users above 100M, increase the downlink bandwidth to 200M[2018/1/29]

In IPFS, the distribution and exchange of data uses the BitSwap protocol, and BitSwap is responsible for two things: requesting the required Block from other nodes and providing Block to other nodes.

At the same time, IPFS uses Ledger to create a network with incentives and penalties, ensuring that most nodes in the network can exchange data and operate normally.

IPFS defines a series of objects to build a file system that supports version control, which is very similar to Git's object model, and all file objects are actually binary encoded through Protobuf. The commit at the top level represents a snapshot of the history. By comparing the two commits and the tree formed by the child nodes, the difference between the two snapshots can be obtained. We can think that Merkle DAG and file objects constitute the file system in the entire IPFS.

So far, the IPFS technology stack has provided a peer-to-peer data exchange system capable of sending DAG objects between nodes, and can push and retrieve immutable objects, but a mutable naming system is also an integral part of the network, After all, we need to use the same address to obtain different states, because the domain name cannot be changed due to website updates, so IPFS needs to provide domain name services to solve this problem.

In IPFS, the following variable namespace can be used to solve these problems. Users can publish an object, and other nodes can access these objects published to the network through ipns plus the user's node address:

In IPFS, not only can hash be used to access mutable objects, but it can also be embedded in existing DNS services to run well, which solves the problem of seamless switching of underlying services.

IPFS is a very interesting blockchain underlying technology. It implements a point-to-point file storage system and proposes a solution for big data storage on the basis of compatibility with existing Internet protocols. The author tried the official client of IPFS go- ipfs is indeed easier to use, but it is still in the early stage of the project, and many modules and functions have not yet been finalized.

Tags：Interplanetary file systemIPFSdata storage

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